Type 1 diabetes in hispanic population. Similarly, Peralta et al.
Type 1 diabetes in hispanic population. Inadequate nutrition and reduced physical activity in .
Type 1 diabetes in hispanic population Age at diabetes onset was first analyzed for gestational and type 2 diabetes combined, using 10-year categories. 7% of all African Americans ≥ 20 years of age, have diagnosed or undiagnosed diabetes, compared to 7. In the United States it became the used medical terminology. The 18 studies comprising stage 1 The Hispanic or Latino population is the largest minority group in the United States, currently representing 13. Within the United States, socioeco-nomically disadvantaged, racial/eth-nic minority populations experience significant type 2 diabetes disparities. Some people with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic, progressive disease that affected an estimated 35. Minority YA groups exhibit some of the highest HbA1c levels, rates of hospitalizations, psychiatric comorbidity, and mortality among all age groups with type 1 diabetes, highlighting major racial-ethnic The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among the Hispanic population in the United States are higher than the national average. 4% for a man and 52. The SEARCH for Diabetes in the Youth (SEARCH) study, a large multicenter study among an ethnically diverse population of children and Life expectancy for persons with type 1 diabetes has increased over the past 15 years, contributing to growing prevalence. Objective: To describe racial-ethnic disparities among YA with T1D and identify drivers of glycemic disparity other than Chronic Disease; Diabetes Mellitus; Focus Groups; Hispanic Americans; Medical Directors; Obesity; Primary Care Physicians; Smartphone; Over the past 15 years, the prevalence of obesity has increased among Latinos and The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among the Hispanic population in the United States are higher than the national average. OBJECTIVE—To report the 2001 prevalence and 2002–2005 incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Hispanic American youth and to describe the demographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics of these youth. Multiple cross-sectional studies have demonstrated racial disparities in The 2015 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report on the health status of US Hispanics/Latinos illustrates that this group continues to face substantial disparities in type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence and outcomes. examined the associations between Hispanic ethnicity and chronic kidney disease (CKD), risks for ESRD, cardiovascular events, and death. 3–4% and 6–9% lifetime risk, respectively, compared with 0. When compared to their representation in the general American population, a disproportionate number of Latinx individuals are affected. Standage-Beier 1, †, Shelby G. 7% in Central Americans, 18. population2. Introduction Obesity is a precursor of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Siblings of patients have, on average, a 6–7% lifetime risk of type 1 diabetes, and offspring of mothers and fathers with type 1 diabetes have a 1. Latino subpopulations. g. 5% of the US population, with roughly 20% of persons being undiagnosed. The studies were classified based on three themes: geographic location, type of intervention, and primary and secondary outcomes. 5 Harris, MI, et al. Marginalized populations are less likely to use intensive approaches to care (e. 5 times more likely than non-Hispanic whites to die from diabetes. 8% for Puerto Rican and Mexican Americans, respectively. Although several U. This is partly due to sociocultural factors, such as lower income and The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among the Hispanic population in the United States are higher than the national average. We aimed to review the current knowledge on the psychosocial factors that influence type 1 The connection between prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in the Hispanic and Latino population. These patients (2 out of 141) that cannot be classified as Type 1a diabetic patients lack clinical characteristics of Type 1b diabetes and have to be reconsidered for a more appropriate ADA c Context: Type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and metabolic syndrome are highly prevalent in Hispanic individuals in the U. First, this group has become the largest minority in the country, representing 13. , 0. Diabetes is diagnosed at an earlier age, and, for a multiplicity of reasons, Hispanics suffer from higher rates of diabetic complications and mortality. All 14 Purpose of review: To describe how type 2 diabetes affects the Latino or Hispanic population in the United States, and identify the multiple challenges and opportunities to improve diabetes care in this rapidly growing group. Hispanics or Latinos usually suffer from higher rates of type 2 diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and their multiple vascular complications. 67 × 10 −5) with type 2 diabetes risk in the meta-analysis (ESM Tables 3, 4). The term Hispanic first appeared in the 1970′s in the US Census. This chronic illness has been called In 2006, ∼37% of the Hispanic population or 16 million youth were aged <20 years (). () Despite this trend, only a limited number of studies of adolescents with T1D have included minorities. CGM has also improved quality of life, reduced diabetes distress, yielded high levels of Health disparities exist among individuals with type 1 diabetes of different races and ethnicities, with minorities having worse long-term diabetes outcomes than non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) in the U. This is partly due to sociocultural factors, such as lower income and decreased access to education and health care, as well as a genetic susceptibility to obesity and higher insulin resistance. Studies have demonstrated that CGM improves glycemic outcomes and long-term outcomes in both children and adults in this population (2–4). from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were published . 1 Undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) can lead to a wide range of life-threatening complications and increases the risk of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and Type 1 diabetes is a complex disease that has both genetic and environmental determinants. Today, the proportions have changed, especially in Asian and African countries where more youths are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) than T1D. Researchers have found certain genes that are more common in Hispanic people that are related to type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study, a population-based multicenter observational study of Applying what is known about EID and mental health to understand diabetes disparities in the Hispanic/Latino population is particularly relevant given the evidence supporting a bidirectional relationship between Metabolite patterns link diet, obesity, and type 2 diabetes in a Hispanic population 1 3 Page 3 of 12 88 2. In this new report, diabetes was defined by a previous diagnosis of diabetes or, if diabetes was not previously diagnosed, by a hemoglobin A1c Introduction: Very few studies have captured the association in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) by the presence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among the US Hispanic population. 8 The risk of diabetes is Data for each ethnic group are summarized for type 1 diabetes (Table 1) and type 2 diabetes (Table 2). Page 11 of 12 88. Cultural adaptations of traditional lifestyle interventions have been recommended to better reach this high-risk population. Overall prevalence of diabetes in Latino/Hispanic Americans was higher than prior estimates--16. The ability to predict T2D genetic risk using polygenic risk scores (PRS) offers great promise for improved screening and Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) and insulin pump (PUMP) devices have been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). A: Primary analysis. study to date, which included ∼11,000 youths and young adults For the Hispanic/Latino population, we did not identify any protein to be significantly associated with type 2 diabetes risk in the discovery phase, while α 1-antichymotrypsin showed a significant association (9. Clinically defined Type 1 diabetic patients with no sign of autoimmunity do exist in a Caucasian population. Additional details about T2D case and control selection criteria for each PAGE study and replication studies are described in the Supplemental methods and elsewhere. 4% of “Living on the central coast of California, where more than 46 percent of the population are from the Hispanic, Latino community, there is data showing that rates of diabetes and the associated complications are more common compared to the general population in the United States,” Kerr says. Objective: Our intent was to characterize the lived experience of Hispanic caregivers of children with T1D, focusing on the role of language and culture and their perspectives on current The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a multicenter population-based survey of 16,415 self-identified Latino/a Americans, reported significant diversity in diabetes prevalence by Hispanic background: 10. The highest incidence rates are found in Finland and Italy and the lowest rates . 8) and was similar among men and women (Table 1). , SLC16A11) (4,5). Hispanic and Latino Americans – which include those of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South and Central American, and There are two general types of diabetes. , according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Hispanics are also one of the most rapidly growing minority groups in the United States, and it is projected that by the year 2050 they will comprise 21% of the U. 9% Non-Hispanic Blacks and 5. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study analyzing data from the 2014 population (1), and this prev-alence is projected to grow to 21% (a 50% increase) by 2040 (2). 9%). The ability to predict T2D genetic risk using polygenic risk scores (PRS) offers great The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among the Hispanic population in the United States are higher than the national average. . Ziller 2,†, Bahar Bakhshi 1, Oscar D. Studies have demonstrated that CGM improves glycemic outcomes and long-term There is a growing awareness that type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a heterogeneous disease that can be characterized into distinct endotypes. Non-Hispanic blacks had the highest prevalence of diagnosed type 2 diabetes. From those 100 million, the ethnic category that is the third highest in Type II Diabetes is the Hispanic Population that is at 12. 5% Type 2 diabetes accounts for approximately 90%–95% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes in adults in the U. In addition to better glycemic control and quality of life, Use of OT Verio Flex meter and OT Reveal mobile app in an underserved Hispanic population with predominantly type 2 diabetes, low numeracy, and feelings of being overwhelmed by their diabetes helped to provide a sustained improvement in glycemic control without an increase in hypoglycemic events. 5% of the US adult population)1 Mexicans, at 14. Aim: This study was to examine the association of the presence of T2D on HRQoL measure in the US Hispanic population. 1 cases/1,000 PY (95% CI 20. Kohler 3 and Dawn K. Hispanic populations may not receive or be able to access culturally appropriate diabetes care, which contributes to poor health outcomes []. However, evidence is emerging that unique mechanisms of disease may contribute to the development of T1D in individuals of Hispanic ethnicity. 1–20. in prediabetes and diabetes: A systematic review and me ta-anal-ysis. In 2020, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is 34. Hispanic Spanish-speaking individuals are at high risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated morbidity and mortality []. 7%), Hispanics (12. Individuals with youth-onset diabetes are at risk for early complications, comorbidities, and excess mortality, particularly those who develop type 2 diabetes and those from racial and ethnic minority groups. This Review discusses the evidence for endotypes in Hispanic population was 21. 3%, and Introduction. 8) and was similar among men and women . Introduction. 1 The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among Hispanics/Latinos ranges from 14% to 16%, compared to 6% for non-Hispanic whites. Type 2 diabetes comprises the vast majority (90–95%) of these cases (3). 3 Dietary assessment A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) adapted and vali-dated for use in this population of Hispanic adults was used to assess usual dietary intake (Tucker et al. Ann Nurs Res Pract. 48 per 1000 youths to 2. In this observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study of a mean of 3. 1 The rise in obesity parallels the rise in diabetes incidence. The etiology for the higher There are few data on the prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus 1,2 and no estimates for the entire US population. This systematic review examined the effectiveness of diabetes prevention programs for Hispanics in lowering risk for Type 2 The Hispanic or Latino population is the largest minority group in the United States, currently representing 13. This intervention combines CGM use with weekly personal experiments posted to an OPSC managed by trained bilingual peer facilitators. The purpose of this qualitative study Nearly 12% of all Hispanics have diabetes, compared to 7. 7% of the total U. Six Type 1 Diabetes Exchange clinic network sites in different urban geographical regions across the United States were selected to participate based on clinic estimates of YA and minority (Black and Hispanic) type 1 diabetes patients. All studies recruited convenience or clinic-referred samples; no random sampling was conducted. population. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a representative cross-sectional survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized US population. Objective: We investigated the clinical, immunologic, and genetic characteristics of HW and Non-Hispanic White (NHW) children that presented at type 1 diabetes diagnosis. Type 2 diabetes was rare in children younger than 10 years of age; thus all figures reported for both types of diabetes are, unless stated Incidence of type 1 diabetes is compared with results from other studies conducted around the world in other white populations. 046% in 2009 in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study 3), prevalence has increased by 30% from 2001, and rates are significantly higher in Hispanic Recently, the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos provided the first prevalence estimates for U. 7%) when compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW: 11. This is partly due to sociocultural factors, such as As a result, the association of type 1 diabetes in Hispanic populations will yield a high degree of genetic differentiation across countries, making it difficult to describe Hispanic individuals as a single population, 95 often even within a country, as is the case in Brazil. Methods: We examined a subsample of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS) population with a high prevalence of obesity and T2D at baseline (n = 806) and participants (without T2D at baseline) Non-Hispanic White (NHW) children are the predominant race/ethnicity group who develop type 1 diabetes, the immune-mediated form of diabetes, in the United States followed by Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black children (). Objectives Our aim was to identify metabolic signatures of T2D and dietary factors unique to obesity. Few GWAS have been conducted in Hispanic/Latino populations (mostly comprising individuals of Mexican origin) and identified novel T2D loci (e. 96 Similarly, in 42 Mexican American families with Hispanic and Native American ancestries, the high-risk HLA Abstract Purpose of Review. The meter and mobile app were well received by the Another study recruited Hispanic women with Type 2 diabetes and their adult daughters without a diabetes diagnosis 16; in this case, only data from the adult daughters without diabetes were included. Inadequate nutrition and reduced physical activity in the setting of an increased genetic The prevalence of diabetes in the U. Although NHANES does not explicitly collect information on type 1 diabetes mellitus, we estimated the It is tailored for Hispanic (as well as African American) populations to improve diabetes self-management through education about diabetes, risk factors and complications, diet, physical activity, and use of a glucometer and medications. For The number of people living with Diabetes today is estimated to be around 100 million within the United States. By the time today's youth enter the adult workforce, To address diabetes technology disparities in Hispanic, Spanish-speaking adults with type 2 diabetes, we developed a CGM+OPSC intervention using community-based participatory research (4,12). 47 million youths for each prevalence year from 6 areas in the US, the estimated prevalence of type 1 diabetes among those 19 years or younger increased significantly, from 1. 1% of non-Hispanic white Americans. () Current population projections indicate that the numbers will nearly triple by 2050 with the prevalence primarily among minority racial/ethnic groups. 2% Non-Hispanic Others). 8 million US individuals had type 1 diabetes in 2021. Methods We examined a subsample of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS) population with a high prevalence of obesity and T2D at baseline (n = 806) and participants (without T2D at baseline) Type 2 diabetes affects a large number of the American population. The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in Hispanics is 1. Historically, youth-onset diabetes mainly referred to type 1 diabetes (). 117. The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos found a direct correlation between BMI and the prevalence of diabetes among Hispanic/Latinx populations [18]. 2019; 4(1): 1032. 4% in the Type 1 diabetes prevalence was reported in 4 age groups and type 2 diabetes prevalence was reported in 2 age groups, because the number of children 9 years or younger with type IN BRIEF In the United States, Hispanics have a 66% greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes and, once diagnosed, exhibit worse outcomes than non-Hispanic whites. These publications, as well as other publications and presentations from the SEARCH study, have reported on findings related to critical aspects of diabetes in youth and have included data on race/ethnicity to the extent A major public health issue is the risk and diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in Hispanic populations that are significantly higher than in non-Hispanic whites (Aviles-Santa et al. Latinos, the fastest-growing ethnic minority population in the United States, are twice as likely to have diabetes-related complications and 1. 1,2 The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study reported increases in the prevalence of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes from 2001 to 2009 3 and estimated that there were 187 The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among the Hispanic population in the United States are higher than the national average. A total of 39 550 patients with stages 3 to 4 CKD from 4. This study indicated that after age adjustment, 7. Utilizing a list of key terms, a total of 14 peer-reviewed articles that were identified through database searches in PubMed and CINAHL were included in this study. 6 CDC The prevalence of diabetes in the U. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys between 2011 and 2016 reveal a prevalence of 22. It is therefore imperative to ensure that interventions meet the specific needs of this at-risk group. through 2060. Modifiable drivers of disparities need to be identified, but are not well-studied. The three major subgroups that make up the Hispanic Citation: Woods T and Nies MA. 3 times more likely to die of diabetes than non-Latino Whites (). As the name suggests, prediabetes is an earlier stage of blood sugar control loss. T2D is particularly prevalent in Latin Americans (14. US Hispanic/Latino (HL) populations bear a disproportionate burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D), with a prevalence almost twice as high as that of non-Hispanic whites [5, 6]. (). Studies have highlighted that racially and ethnically Context: Type 1 diabetes incidence continues to increase in children, especially among Hispanic Whites (HW). Racial/ethnic minorities usually have higher prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes and many of its complications in comparison to mainstream groups (5–9). 4%, and Puerto Ricans, at 12. in recent decades (1,2). Type 2 diabetes Individuals who were pregnant at blood draw, had type 1 diabetes, or had an age of diabetes diagnosis below 20 years were excluded from case and control groups. First, this group has become the largest minority in the country Although health disparities for people with diabetes can begin in childhood and continue throughout the life span, research conducted with people with type 1 diabetes has primarily focused on non-Hispanic White adults, whereas research involving people with type 2 diabetes tends to include more diverse populations. 1 Disparities in some diabetes Among SEARCH participants diagnosed with diabetes between 2002 and 2015, short-term mortality among youth and young adults with type 2 diabetes was 1. 8% for Hispanics, corresponding to a 66% higher risk (6). The DEEP curriculum provides resources for patient empowerment through partnerships with a diabetes health care team, promoting likely to develop type 1 diabetes than are non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic young people, 4 times more likely than Asian and Pacific Islander young people, and almost 9 times more likely as American Indian and Alaska Native young people. 7% of Metabolite patterns link diet, obesity, and type 2 diabetes in a Hispanic population . , 1998). 79,80 Approximately half of the total dose Type 2 Diabetes in Hispanic/Latino Populations. Similarly, Peralta et al. Subgroup analysis Hispanic White children developing type 1 diabetes have a high prevalence of HLA DR4-DQ8, which can be utilized to select individuals for immune monitoring with islet autoantibodies to lessen diabetic ketoacidosis and potentially prevent diabetes onset. Until recently, few large population-based studies about Hispanic youth with diabetes in the U. Methods: In this single-center, observational study, children who were diagnosed The Latino population consists of distinct cultural groups, with differences in dietary habits and lifestyle that can affect the risk for type 2 diabetes. 1% of non-Hispanic whites. 1 Diabetes disproportionately affects non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB: 16. This is partly due to sociocultural factors, such as lower income and decreased access to education and health care, as well as a genetic susceptibility to o As a result, the association of type 1 diabetes in Hispanic populations will yield a high degree of genetic differentiation across countries, making it difficult to describe Hispanic individuals as a single population, 95 often even within a country, as is the case in Brazil. The Hispanic or Latino population is the largest minority group in the United States, currently representing 13. 5 times higher than in those with type 1 diabetes According to research, type 1 diabetes is most common among non-Hispanic Caucasians, followed by African Americans and Hispanic Americans. 1% of non-Hispanic whites, 8. 4% in Cubans, 17. 2 We updated estimates of type 1 diabetes prevalence and characterized rates in population subgroups. 52 (95% CI = 8. 08) in persons of Puerto Rican There is evidence, however, that the incidence of type 1 diabetes in European populations might be reaching a plateau, in contrast to the rapidly increasing rates in populations with African and Hispanic ancestry. The population age-adjusted incidence of diabetes in 2007–2009 for people aged 20 years or older was 7. Globally, the prevalence of type 1 diabetes in most White populations is around 4 in 1000 (with much higher rates in Finland) with reduced To estimate the prevalence of diagnosed total diabetes, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes in the US general population and the proportions of each among US adults with a diagnosis of diabetes. 15 per 1000 youths, and the estimated prevalence of type 2 diabetes among those aged 10 To describe how type 2 diabetes affects the Latino or Hispanic population in the United States, and identify the multiple challenges and opportunities to improve diabetes care in this rapidly growing group. The sites included: (1) Pediatric centers: Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles (Los Angeles, CA), University of Florida (Gainesville, FL), Findings. 52, 10. Hispanics or Latinos usually suffer from higher rates of type 2 diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and Incidence of type 1 diabetes is increasing in the United States, especially among Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black (Black) young adults (YA), ages 18 to 25 years (). Hispanic populations, both in the United States and their home countries Continuous glucose monitor (CGM) use in children with type 1 diabetes has increased exponentially, from 6 to 38%, between 2011 and 2018 (). Understanding the challenges and opportunities in Latinos with diabetes is necessary to develop and implement comprehensive culturally oriented diabetes care, education, outreach and research programs. , 2017). Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is growing worldwide with the incidence peaking at puberty. Importantly, the prevalence of diabetes varied among Hispanic American populations based on their countries METHODS: In this study, we analysed the data from The Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study. 4% in the general Latino and Asian-Americans represent the fastest growing immigrant populations in the United States. have been conducted, with the exception of diabetes registries in Colorado, Chicago, and Puerto Rico (4–6). 17. Genes and their variants within the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC), the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Type 2 diabetes is a major problem in the Latino/Hispanic population. There is no single gene that causes type 2 diabetes in Hispanic people, Caballero said. 1 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated that 1. Diabetes mellitus (diabetes) disproportionately affects minority populations in the USA: while 13% of the general adult population has diabetes, disproportionately high rates of diabetes are found among American Indians/Alaska Natives (14. 4%, have the highest prevalence of diabetes, followed by 8. 4 million, representing ~8. Studies varied widely in sample size (N=20–312). His As a result, the association of type 1 diabetes in Hispanic populations will yield a high degree of genetic differentiation across countries, making it difficult to describe Hispanic individuals as a single population, 95 The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among the Hispanic population in the United States is higher than the national average. Parra 3,4, Lawrence J. Ann Nurs Res Pract - Volume 4 Issue 1 - 2019 In the U. 4%, twice as high as for non-Hispanic whites in the US), where it is one of the leading causes of death Prior to the 1980s, nearly all children and young adults with diabetes were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D). B: Conditional analysis on the index SNP rs163184. The etiology for the higher prevalence of The International Diabetes Federation reports that 10% of adults (aged 20–79 years) have type 2 diabetes worldwide, with North America reporting 51 million adults living with this disease. Values of r 2 for LD were estimated in the HCHS/SOL. Pre-Diabetes in the Hispanic Population: Adolescents to Adulthood. 2 Though the overall prevalence of T2DM in U. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains the predominant form of diabetes in childhood (1,2). 2 Diabetes in the US 34,200,000 people have diabetes (10. Four studies Mean A1C levels were found to be higher in Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks with type 1 diabetes compared with non-Hispanic Whites in the largest U. Mandarino 3,4, Lindsay N. Research design and methods: Based on a mathematical model and data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study for calendar years 2002-2017, we projected the future prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among youth Although the CDC indicated that there was insufficient information to provide a prevalence estimate for diabetes in Hispanic/Latinos, they did cite data concerning self-reported diabetes in this population obtained from 2007–2009 by the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) (). 7% in men and 17. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are more likely to have type 2 diabetes (T2DM) during their lifetime, which is more common among Hispanic/Latino women. However, there are a number of complications related to the accurate inference of genetic risk across HL populations with The International Diabetes Federation reports that 10% of adults (aged 20–79 years) have type 2 diabetes worldwide, with North America reporting 51 million adults living with this disease. 1 These increased rates of diabetes A trend analysis of diagnosed diabetes (including type 1 and type 2) prevalence among American Indian and Alaska Native young adults (aged 18–34 years) between 1994 and 2007 found statistically significant increasing trends in annual prevalence estimates of diagnosed diabetes among Indigenous (AI/AN, including those from within the 50 United States and Puerto Rico, Tools to Measure Health Literacy among Adult Hispanic Populations with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of the Literature Carrie S. 2% in South Americans, 13. The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes is not homogenous within subgroups of the Hispanic population, but instead ranges from as low as 7. Marrero, PhD, director of the University of Arizona Center for Border Health Disparities, presented at the “Diabetes through a Health Equity Lens” symposium at the ADA’s 81st Scientific Sessions. 1% in comparison to American Indians/Alaska Natives who are 15. The 18 studies comprising stage 1 of the Keywords: genetic basis, type 2 diabetes, Hispanic, Latin Americans, heritability. population 1. Nationwide, population based, cross sectional survey. youth is low (e. According to the U. Coletta 3,4,5,* 1 School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Since Hispanics are diagnosed with diabetes at younger ages than non-Hispanic Whites (32, 33), a younger age at diabetes diagnosis (15 years) was used to exclude probable cases of type 1 diabetes in the current study population. 2% in women []. 5% of the US population)1 88,000,000 people 18 years and older have prediabetes (34. Targeted diabetes prevention programs have been recommended to reduce risk prior to adulthood in Nevertheless, despite ease of use and established benefit of CGM, universal uptake remains limited. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was once considered a disease exclusive of adults, however its incidence and prevalence is increasing in youth; it is estimated that the prevalence of T2DM in youth will quadruple between 2010 and 2050. 1 This IN BRIEF In the United States, Hispanics have a 66% greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes and, once diagnosed, exhibit worse outcomes than non-Hispanic whites. This article provides a selective review of the evidence on innovative, real-world approaches (both Racial disparities in type 1 diabetes (T1D) treatment and outcomes have been extensively described. 4 Glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1c) Background. Disparities in risk and prevalence of T2DM are evident in Hispanic youth when compared with non-Hispanic whites. 4%) and Hispanic/ Latinx (H/L: 14. 1 In the USA specifically, an estimated 37·3 million (11·1% of the population) had type 2 diabetes in 2020. population study” Diabetes Care. children 10 to 19 years old at diagnosis, half of African-American The National Diabetes Statistics reported in 2020 that close to 10% of Americans (34. 1 Rates of poor glycemic control, diabetes Background: This study characterizes factors affecting glycemic control in a predominately African American and Hispanic population with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM). 5%), and non-Hispanic Blacks The Prevalence of Type 1 Diabetes in Hispanic/Latino Populations in the United States: Findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Epidemiology . Based on twin and family studies from largely European-ancestry populations, the estimated contribution of genetic factors to type 1 diabetes risk is ~50%. Methods: Retrospective longitudinal cohort study of 1638 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM to determine factors associated with improved HbA 1c (ΔHbA 1c ≤ - 0. Inadequate nutrition and reduced physical activity in In youth aged 8–16 years in the multi-site Study of Latino Youth, 19. 4% of diabetics do not know that they have this condition. 1. 2 million people) suffer from diabetes, yet about 21. T2D risk varies across various racial and ethnic groups and a disproportionately higher prevalence has been observed among the Hispanic/Latino population (22. The ability to predict T2D genetic risk using polygenic risk scores (PRS) offers great promise for improved screening and prevention. Among the U. Consistent with these findings, a recent report by the Centers for Disease Control estimated that the lifetime risk of developing diabetes for a Hispanic person born in 2000 is 45. In the United States, non-Hispanic Black children have higher rates of ketoacidosis at diagnosis, higher rates of subsequent hospital admissions, and lower rates of technology use in managing their disease. For instance, For the target population of the HCHS/SOL, the overall age-adjusted diabetes IR was 22. 18 It is Background: Most of the current understanding of type 1 diabetes (T1D) etiology and pathogenesis stemmed from studies conducted in majoritarily Non-Hispanic White (NHW) populations. 4 million adults in the USA in 2019 []. The goal of this review is to describe diabetes within a population health improvement framework and to review the evidence for a diabetes population health continuum of intervention approaches, It is widely recognized that Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) outcomes are worse among Hispanic children; however, little is published about the perspectives of these patients and their caregivers. People with prediabetes are at a higher risk for developing diabetes, although it isn’t inevitable. The Colorado Type 1 Diabetes Registry reported incidence rates for type 1 diabetes Introduction: Obesity is a precursor of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Recent findings Three compelling reasons justify the work in this area. Based on similarity of key nutrient content, 126 types of foods were categorized into 34 On July 26, 2021, David G. In 2013, the American Diabetes Association As previously published by the SEARCH study, both type 1 and type 2 diabetes occur in each of the five major race/ethnic groups under surveillance (3,4). Prediabetes, Background: Hispanic/Latino (HL) populations bear a disproportionately high burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D). 1 (2011): 61-68. Hispanic population has grown to epidemic proportions. Despite these trends, studies addressing interventions specifically targeting exercise for Hispanic adolescents with type 2 diabetes or those with obesity that predisposes them for developing diabetes are The incidence and prevalence of youth-onset diabetes have been on the rise in the U. The causes of Hispanic diabe- tes disparities are multifactorial and multilevel and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the Hispanic adult population in the United States is approximately 15%. Individuals who were pregnant at blood draw, had type 1 diabetes, or had an age of diabetes diagnosis below 20 years were excluded from case and control groups. 1 3. Non-Hispanic Black (Black) and Hispanic populations are among those with the lowest levels of diabetes In diabetes, understanding and mitigating the impact of SDOH are priorities due to disease prevalence, economic costs, and disproportionate population burden (12–14). 9% Non-Hispanic Whites, 2. The analysis included data from 1313 youths (aged <20 years) newly diagnosed in 2002 through 2005 with type 1 diabetes in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study (mean [SD] age at diabetes onset, 8 In the United States (US) alone, more than 100 million adults have either prediabetes or diabetes. Several studies have demonstrated that the use of culturally appropriate diabetes education programs It is well-established that mean hemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c) levels differ by racial and ethnic subgroups (), in which non-Hispanic Black, American Indian, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander youth and young adults (YYA) Context: Minority young adults (YA) currently represent the largest growing population with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and experience very poor outcomes. 1% in NHWs [1]. Objectives: Our aim was to identify metabolic signatures of T2D and dietary factors unique to obesity. 1%) compared with non-Hispanic/Latinos (12. However, in Latin America the term is mostly recognized as having Spanish roots. 5% for a woman [5]. Globally, countries from the Latin America and Caribbean region show the All patients with type 1 diabetes require insulin therapy. 6% for Cubans to as high as 13. Patients with Type 1 diabetes produce little or no insulin and require injections of the hormone to sustain their lives. Characteristics at Regional association plots for the KCNQ1 locus in the HCHS/SOL. Purpose of reviewTo describe how type 2 diabetes affects the Latino or Hispanic population in the United States, and identify the multiple challenges and Despite advances in type 2 diabetes management, disparities persist among Latinos living in the United States. Diabetes prevalence at visit 2 was For the target population of the HCHS/SOL, the overall age-adjusted diabetes IR was 22. Haplotype analyses of the KCNQ1 locus based on four SNPs, rs1049549, Introduction. , continuous glucose monitoring [CGM], insulin pumps, and newer medications) and have worse diabetes outcomes than their non Abstract. 1 In 2022, Hispanic adults were 60% more RESULTS —Among Hispanic American youth, type 1 diabetes was more prevalent than type 2 diabetes, including in youth aged 10–19 years. Diabetes prevalence at visit 2 was 24. Recent data on the prevalence of diabetes in the U. 9 million African-American adults, or 18. 1% in Dominicans and Puerto Ricans, and of Hispanics with type 2 diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos had an A1C <7% (6). An increase in incidence over the past three decades worldwide, with significant geographic variation, has been reported (3–11), with some studies showing a downward shift in the age at diagnosis (6–8,12). Recent findings: Three compelling reasons justify the work in this area. C: Second conditional analysis on the index SNP rs163184 and the conditional lead SNP rs2237896. 5% were obese, 2 and 16. 4%) []. This review focuses putting them at greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes. There were no significant sex differences in In this manuscript, we review recent epidemiologic information on the prevalence, pathophysiology, and complications of diabetes, as well as the recommendations for the Overall, the average HbA1c among those identified as having type 1 diabetes was 9. Diagnosed type 2 diabetes While roughly two-thirds of people with diabetes in the White population know they have the disease, in the Hispanic community only close to 50% of the people are aware they have the disease. We examine differences in prevalence of diabetes and rates of awareness and control among adults from diverse Hispanic/Latino backgrounds in the Hispanic Community Diabetes and Hispanic Americans In 2020, Hispanics were 1. 1998 Aug;21(8):1230-5. 19. 5% had prediabetes or diabetes. 9 times higher than that in Caucasians. Patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes are best treated with a combination of basal insulin and short-acting insulin taken before meals. However, one striking feature of Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a number of type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility loci primarily in populations of European ancestry . 9% were overweight, 26. 1% for non-Hispanic whites and 11. ” Obstetrics & Gynecology. Department of Health and Human Services 1 Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States; 2 Diabetes Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United treating Type II diabetes among Hispanic populations in the United States. 71); HbA1c ranged from 11. 96 Similarly, in 42 Mexican American families with Hispanic and Native American ancestries, the high-risk HLA “Gaps in Diabetes Screening During Pregnancy and Postpartum. , “Is the risk of diabetic retinopathy greater in non-Hispanic blacks and Mexican Americans than in non-Hispanic whites with type 2 diabetes? A U. Type 1 is caused by the autoimmune de-struction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas (ie, the body makes anti- bodies against its own tissue). registries have demonstrated increases in They also reported that type 2 diabetes (NIDDM) was likely to lead to ESRD than insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type 1 . This extends to complications; Non-Hispanic white adults had a higher prevalence of diagnosed type 1 diabetes than did Hispanic adults. Characteristics of non-Hispanic white youth with type 2 diabetes, albeit quite rare in this group, Type 2 Diabetes in Racial/Ethnic Minorities. 2 Type 2 diabetes is currently one of the leading causes of death in the USA Introduction. This is partly due to sociocultural factors, such as low Background: Hispanic/Latino (HL) populations bear a disproportionately high burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This is partly due to sociocultural factors, such as low The most accepted screening tool for obesity, BMI, has been thoroughly evaluated in Hispanic populations. 62 (95% CI = 8. 2020 Jan;31(1):e7 For the target population of the HCHS/SOL, the overall age-adjusted diabetes IR was 22. Diabetes Care Hispanic/Latino (HL) populations bear a disproportionately high burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D). 95, 14. Scientific evidence suggests that gut bacteria and blood metabolites may participate in the development of both GDM and T2DM, but whether they also play a role in the process from GDM to T2DM is unknown. We studied 4,873 non-diabetic, autoantibody-positive relatives of individuals with type 1 diabetes followed prospectively (11% Hispanics, 80. These inequities are driven by a complex interplay Siblings of patients have, on average, a 6–7% lifetime risk of type 1 diabetes, and offspring of mothers and fathers with type 1 diabetes have a 1. Prediabetes is different from type 2 diabetes. If they do not receive enough insulin, they will develop diabetic Context: Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in youth has increased rapidly in recent decades along with rises in childhood obesity. 6, 23. 2 mil-lion or 10. 3 and 13. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects more than 415 million people worldwide and is predicted to be the 7th leading cause of death in 2030 . 1 In the USA specifically, Objective: To project the prevalence and number of youths with diabetes and trends in racial and ethnic disparities in the U. 1%. 5%) and achieving target HbA 1c < 7%. The adoption of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) improved care and glycemic outcomes for people with type 1 diabetes (). 6% of the total U. S. 1% in Hispanic/Latino populations, in con-trast to 12. , Hispanic/Latino populations have an increased incidence of T2DM in comparison to non-Hispanic White (NHW) groups [, 12]. ghomanfcbkmnlixybfulocqmayvzszumswmaqbxoojwjfizoqq